WHAT’S AT STAKE: A LOOK AT THE 2025 MIDTERM ELECTIONS

The Christmas festivities may be over, but the streets are filled with posters, banners, and the familiar faces and names of politicians. This, as we gear up for the 2025 Philippine midterm elections, another event sure to be a defining moment in the nation’s history. Millions of Filipinos are preparing to choose leaders who will steer the country through pressing challenges and opportunities. The question is: Whom should we vote for?

On May 12, 2025, voters will elect senators, congressional representatives, governors, mayors, and other officials, including members of the Bangsamoro Parliament. This election will not only shape the immediate political landscape but also determine the country’s direction amid economic recovery, environmental concerns, and rapid technological advancements. Moreover, participating in this political process is expected to strengthen the checks and balances essential to safeguarding our democracy. Recognizing the significance of this event, the Commission on Elections (Comelec) has issued resolutions aimed at fostering transparency, fairness, and sustainability while addressing the growing influence of digital platforms on modern elections. With young voters expected to play a pivotal role, the 2025 elections carry the hopes and aspirations of a new generation eager for positive change. Here is what you need to know about the 2025 Philippine midterm elections.

WHAT ARE THE MIDTERM ELECTIONS?

Midterm elections in the Philippines are held three years after a presidential election and are so named because they occur halfway through the incumbent president’s six-year term. During the 2025 elections, Filipinos will vote for:

• 12 senators (half of the Senate)

• All members of the House of Representatives, including party-list representatives

• Local government officials

CAMPAIGN FINANCE AND SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS

The Comelec has reiterated the importance of financial transparency. Candidates must submit Statements of Contributions and Expenditures (SOCEs) within 30 days after the election, detailing all campaign finances. Spending limits remain at Php3 per voter for candidates with a political party, Php5 per voter for independent candidates, and Php5 per voter for partylist groups. In a bid to modernize campaigns while protecting the environment, Comelec has mandated that all campaign materials be recyclable and eco-friendly. Printed paraphernalia must carry the label: “This material should be recycled or disposed of responsibly.” Additionally, candidates must adhere to local government regulations on plastic use and proper waste disposal, reflecting the nation’s growing commitment to environmental sustainability.

ELECTION PROPAGANDA AND MEDIA REGULATIONS

Strict rules govern the production and display of campaign materials. Posters are limited to two feet by three feet, while rally streamers may not exceed three feet by eight feet and must be removed within 24 hours after the event. Flyers and stickers must be within 8.5 by 14 inches. These materials may only be posted in designated public spaces or on private property with explicit consent. Airtime limits for advertisements ensure a level playing field. National candidates may air 120 minutes of TV ads and 180 minutes of radio ads per station, while local candidates are allotted 60 minutes of TV and 90 minutes of radio airtime per station. Online campaigns, including social media posts and e-rallies, are also permitted but must comply with disclosure and content guidelines to ensure transparency.

CAMPAIGN PERIOD AND PROHIBITIONS

The campaign period for national candidates begins on February 11, 2025, while local candidates may start capaigning on March 28, 2025. Campaigning is strictly prohibited on Maundy Thursday (April 17), Good Friday (April 18), the eve of election day (May 11), and election day (May 12). These measures are in place to preserve the sanctity of the elections and ensure focus on the voting process during crucial days.

While the proliferation of online and offline materials featuring aspirants for various offices before the start of the campaign period has been hit by some groups, Comelec Chairman George Erwin M. Garcia has admitted that these aspirants have not violated any law. This is because there is no more such thing as premature campaigning in the country. This is based on the Supreme Court decision in the Penera vs Comelec case, wherein the High Court ruled that those who have filed their certificates of candidacy only become candidates at the start of the official campaign period.

THE ELECTIONS IN THE HANDS OF THE DIGITAL NATIVES

The nature of elections has evolved in recent years because of the advent of digital technologies, particularly the emergence of social media platforms and their effects on election campaigns, information transmission, and opinion formation. Thus, it is crucial for the voting populace to be educated and aware of how they can safeguard their votes without silencing their digital presence. As we enter this election season, which is firmly anchored in the digital age, Comelec has acknowledged the critical need for updated safeguards and has released Resolution No. 11064, which includes critical new policies and guidelines. These modifications are expressly meant to improve openness, accessibility, and security in an era where digital innovations have a substantial impact on the election process.

With an increasing reliance on technology, preserving the integrity of the automated election system and safeguarding voter data has never been more critical. Key updates include the following:

• Registration of Online Platforms: Candidates must register their official social media accounts, websites, blogs, and other online campaign platforms with Comelec by December 13, 2024.

• Disclosure of AI Usage: Campaign materials using artificial intelligence must be properly disclosed.

• Prohibition of Digital Manipulation: Fake accounts, bots, astroturfing, and the creation of deepfakes or false information are strictly prohibited.

2025 ELECTIONS: A PIVOTAL MOMENT

The 2025 elections come at a time of great transition for the Philippines, as the nation tackles critical issues such as economic recovery, climate change, and geopolitical challenges. Filipinos are looking for leaders with fresh ideas, decisive leadership, and a commitment to inclusive governance. Young voters, who make up a significant portion of the electorate, are expected to play a vital role in shaping the outcome. Their energy and priorities are set to bring new momentum to the political discourse. Comelec has also established task forces across cities and municipalities to monitor compliance with election rules.

These teams are empowered to remove unlawful campaign materials and penalize violations. Offenders face strict penalties under the Omnibus Election Code and other relevant laws.

SHAPING THE NATION’S FUTURE: WHY SHOULD WE VOTE?

The 2025 elections are more than a political exercise—they reflect the nation’s democratic strength and the collective aspirations of its people. These elections come at a time when the Philippines faces critical decisions that will shape its path in addressing economic inequality, climate resilience, and the digital transformation of society. Comelec has set the stage for a fair, transparent, and sustainable election, but the responsibility ultimately lies with every Filipino. By staying informed, making thoughtful choices and participating in the democratic process, voters hold the power to drive meaningful change. Voting is one of the most powerful tools we have to shape the future of our country. As we approach the midterm polls, we are expected to exercise our rights responsibly, elect leaders who reflect our values, and strengthen our democracy. On May 12, 2025, let us stand united as a nation, using the power of the ballot to create a better, more inclusive, and progressive Philippines. The future is in our hands—vote wisely.